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現在の横浜市営地下鉄ブルーラインは、横浜市青葉区にある「あざみ野駅」と、藤沢市にある「湘南台駅」を結ぶ路線ですが、2030年ごろに、川崎市の「新百合ヶ丘駅」まで延伸します。
「あざみ野駅」から「新百合ヶ丘駅」までの延伸計画は、かなり昔からあったものの、長らく放置されており、2019年になって、やっと事業化の決定が行われました。
しかし、なぜ横浜市営地下鉄が川崎市に延伸するのでしょうか?
市営という名前が付いている通り、横浜市営地下鉄ブルーラインは、横浜市交通局が運営する路線です。
それなのに、川崎市に延伸させ、川崎市民の足になるというのは、少し疑問が残ります。
ということで今回は、横浜市営地下鉄ブルーラインが川崎市まで延伸する理由を解説していきます。
川崎市が延伸を認めた理由
理由1 川崎市営地下鉄が計画廃止になったため
現在、地下鉄が走っていない川崎市ですが、実は川崎市にも地下鉄の計画がありました。
具体的には、川崎駅から新百合ヶ丘駅までを結ぶ路線で、正式名称は、川崎縦貫高速鉄道と呼ばれており、今回のブルーライン延伸区間と、バッティングしている部分もありました。
しかし、2018年に、この川崎縦貫高速鉄道計画が完全に廃止となり、川崎市としては区間のバッティングを心配する必要がなくなりました。
そのことから、川崎市もブルーラインの延伸に協力的になり、延伸区間の建設費は川崎市も負担することになっています。
川崎市としても、川崎縦貫高速鉄道を建設するよりも安く、鉄道整備を出来るのでメリットと感じたのだと思います。
理由2 南武線の輸送力を向上させたい
川崎市としては南武線の輸送力を向上させたいと考えています。
南武線は、都内に直通しない路線にも関わらず、川崎市の人口増加により、混雑が激しくなってきています。
様々な施策が打たれていますが、その中で今一番、力を入れて進めているのが「JR南武線連続立体交差事業」です。
尻手駅から、武蔵小杉駅までの区間を、高架させることで、あかずの踏切5箇所を含む、9箇所の踏切をなくすことができます。
これにより、渋滞の緩和、緊急輸送道路の遮断解消、通学路の安全性確保、踏切事故解消、バスなどの公共交通機関の速達化に貢献できます。
この工事では、南武線の混雑緩和に直接は関係ありませんが、バスなどの定時性が向上すれば、バスを選択する人も増え、微量ではありますが混雑緩和につながるかもしれません。
しかし、この区間には横浜市内を走行する区間も含まれているため、川崎市とJR東日本だけの判断では実現できません。
川崎市としては、横浜市にも協力をしてもらわないといけないので、ブルーラインの延伸では、横浜市に協力するという形で、お互い協力関係にあるのです。
横浜市が延伸をしたい理由
横浜市営地下鉄の増収が見込めるから
新百合ヶ丘駅と横浜市内を結ぶことで、多摩エリアから横浜市に通勤する人の多くを囲い込めます。
また、ブルーラインは新横浜駅も通るため、新幹線アクセス需要も広がります。
横浜市交通局は、行政予算とは別で、独立採算制が取られています。
つまり、横浜市交通局としては、横浜市以外の場所であっても、収益を上げられるなら手段は選ばないと言うことです。
川崎市まで延伸することで、建設費がかかったとしても、回収できる見込みがあり、さらにプラスして収益を増やせると考えたので延伸を決定したのだと思います。
もちろん、収益以外にも横浜市民への交通サービス提供という側面もあるでしょう。
ブルーラインが延伸することで、横浜市内から小田急線へのアクセス経路が1本増えます。
つまり、横浜線が運休した場合も、横浜市を縦に移動しやすくなると言うことです。
もちろん、横浜線の混雑率も緩和されるため、横浜市の交通全体が快適になっていくと考えられます。
本当に需要は増えるのか?
最後に需要の問題を考えていきましょう。
横浜市によりますと、いち日当たり、8万人程度の利用者を、見込んでいるようです。
しかし、そんなに利用者がいるのでしょうか?
私の予想では、もっと少ないと考えています。
その理由は、人口の減少と、リニア中央新幹線の開業です。
まず、人口減少問題は、これからさらに深刻化していき、首都圏であっても、問題視されるほど、進んでいくと考えられます。
そうなると、延伸先の多摩エリアに住まなくても、もっと都心や、横浜、川崎に近いエリアの空き家率が増加し、そちらに住むことを希望する人が増えるのかと予想しています。
つまり、延伸エリアの人口は減り、横浜市の予想する8万人と言う数字は、厳しい数字になるのかと思います。
次に、リニア中央新幹線の開業により、東海道新幹線へのアクセス需要が減る問題もあります。
確かに、多摩エリアから東海道新幹線の通る新横浜へのアクセスは、便利になりますが、その頃にはリニア中央新幹線が開業しています。
そうなると、必然的に東海道新幹線に乗車する人は減り、新百合ヶ丘駅から小田急線と京王線を経由して、橋下駅からリニア中央新幹線に乗車する人が増えるでしょう。
以上のことから、この延伸計画は、失敗気味に終わると予想しています。
ただ、そこに住む人にとってはかなり便利になるはずです。
横浜市や横浜市交通局の目論見通りに行くのは、難しいような気がしますが、地域住民が便利になるのであれば、川崎市もお金を出していることですので、公共事業としていいのかと考えます。
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